> For clean Markdown of any page, append .md to the page URL. > For a complete documentation index, see https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/llms.txt. > For AI client integration (Claude Code, Cursor, etc.), connect to the MCP server at https://ocient.ferndocs.com/_mcp/server. # SQL Reference ## Docs - [SQL Reference](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/sql-reference.md): Access Ocient SQL reference guide, covering syntax, commands, and examples for effective querying. - [Aggregate Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/aggregate-functions.md): Learn about Ocient aggregate functions to perform calculations across sets of data for valuable insights. - [Alphabetical SQL Functions List](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/alphabetical-sql-functions-list.md): Browse the alphabetical list of SQL functions in Ocient, providing diverse data manipulation and analysis capabilities. - [Array Functions and Operators](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/array-functions-and-operators.md): Discover functions and operators for handling arrays in Ocient, allowing complex data structuring. - [Categorized SQL Functions List](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/categorized-sql-functions-list.md): Explore Ocient categorized list of SQL functions for efficient data manipulation and analysis. - [Character and Binary Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/character-and-binary-functions.md): Utilize character and binary functions in Ocient for advanced text and binary data manipulation. - [Data Control Language (DCL) Statement Reference](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-control-language-dcl-statement-reference.md): Reference DCL commands in Ocient to manage permissions and security within the data warehouse. - [Data Definition Language (DDL) Statement Reference](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference.md): Access Data Definition Language command reference for creating and managing database structures. - [Data Types](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-types.md): Review the various data types available in Ocient, optimized for efficient storage and retrieval. - [Date and Time Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/date-and-time-functions.md): Explore date and time functions in Ocient, essential for managing temporal data in analytics. - [Errors and Warnings](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/errors-and-warnings.md): Learn about handling errors and warnings in Ocient to maintain smooth system operations. - [Formatting Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/formatting-functions.md): Learn about formatting functions in Ocient to standardize and format data outputs. - [Geospatial Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions.md): Discover geospatial functions in Ocient with OcientGeo, designed for handling and analyzing geographic data. - [HyperLogLog Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/hyper-log-log-functions.md): Use HyperLogLog functions in Ocient for fast and approximate distinct counting in large datasets. - [Machine Learning Model Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/machine-learning-model-functions.md): Implement machine learning model functions in Ocient with OcientML for advanced predictive and analytical capabilities. - [Math Functions and Operators](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/math-functions-and-operators.md): Access math functions and operators in Ocient for comprehensive numerical analysis and calculations. - [Matrix Functions and Operators](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/matrix-functions-and-operators.md): Use matrix functions in Ocient to handle and analyze multi-dimensional data efficiently. - [Network Type Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/network-type-functions.md): Manage and analyze network data using network type functions in Ocient. - [Other Functions and Expressions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/other-functions-and-expressions.md): Access other functions and expressions for diverse data processing and analysis. - [Reserved Words](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/reserved-words.md) - [Scalar Data Conversion Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/scalar-data-conversion-functions.md): Convert scalar data types with Ocient’s conversion functions for seamless data compatibility. - [Sorted Aggregate Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/sorted-aggregate-functions.md): Learn about sorted aggregate functions in Ocient for ordered data analysis. - [System Catalog Reference](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/system-catalog-reference.md): Explore Ocient’s system catalog reference for metadata and schema management. - [Time Zone Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/time-zone-functions.md): Utilize time zone functions in Ocient to handle global data and time zone adjustments accurately. - [Tuple Functions and Operators](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/tuple-functions-and-operators.md): Explore tuple functions in Ocient, enabling complex data structuring and retrieval. - [Window Aggregate Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/window-aggregate-functions.md): Use window aggregate functions in Ocient for running calculations across partitions of data. - [Cluster and Node Management](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/cluster-and-node-management.md): Discover cluster and node management practices in Ocient for system scalability and reliability. - [Data Integrity and Storage](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/data-integrity-and-storage.md): Maintain data integrity and optimize storage in Ocient, designed for large-scale data environments. - [Data Pipelines](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/data-pipelines.md): This pages describes functionality for DDL commands for Ocient Data Pipelines. - [Databases](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/databases.md): Learn about the SQL syntaxes for managing databases in Ocient for efficient data organization. - [Distributed Tasks](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/distributed-tasks.md): Ensure data integrity and performance with rebuild tasks and data checks in Ocient. - [Indexes](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/indexes.md): Learn about the SQL syntaxes for managing indexes in Ocient for efficient data organization. - [Machine Learning Models](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/machine-learning-models.md) - [Query Analysis](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/query-analysis.md): Perform query analysis in Ocient to optimize performance and understand data patterns. - [Query Management](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/query-management.md): The Query Management page explains how to monitor, control, and optimize queries running in Ocient. - [Schemas](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/schemas.md): Learn about the SQL syntaxes for managing schemas in Ocient for efficient data organization. - [Statistics Cache Management](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/statistics-cache-management.md): Manage cache and statistics in Ocient for improved query performance and system insights. - [Tables](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/tables.md): Learn about the SQL syntaxes for managing tables in Ocient for efficient data organization. - [Users, Groups, and Service Classes](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/users-groups-and-service-classes.md): Manage users, groups, and service classes in Ocient for secure access control and resource management. - [Views](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/data-definition-language-ddl-statement-reference/views.md): Learn about the SQL syntaxes for managing views in Ocient for efficient data organization. - [Data Pipeline Loading Errors](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/errors-and-warnings/data-pipeline-loading-errors.md): This resource outlines various error codes and their corresponding messages that users may encounter while loading data through data pipelines. It includes detailed descriptions of each error, the parameters involved, and recommended resolutions. - [Attribute Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/attribute-functions.md): Use attribute functions in OcientGeo to manage and analyze geospatial data entries. - [Conversion Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/conversion-functions.md): Apply data conversion functions in OcientGeo to transform geospatial data types and formats for analysis compatibility. - [Linestring Constructors](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/linestring-constructors.md): Create and manage linestrings in OcientGeo, suitable for spatial data representation and analysis. - [Linestring Functions](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/linestring-functions.md): Access linestring functions in OcientGeo to manipulate and analyze linear spatial data. - [Point Constructors](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/point-constructors.md): Create points in OcientGeo, fundamental for spatial data analysis and visualization. - [Polygon Constructors](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/polygon-constructors.md): Construct and manage polygons in OcientGeo, suitable for representing complex spatial regions. - [Spatial Measurement](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/spatial-measurement.md): Use spatial measurement functions in OcientGeo to calculate distances, areas, and more in spatial datasets. - [Spatial Operators](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/spatial-operators.md): Learn about spatial operators in OcientGeo, designed to manipulate and analyze geographic data efficiently. - [Spatial Relationships](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/spatial-relationships.md): Explore spatial relationship functions in OcientGeo to determine interactions between geographic entities. - [Spatiotemporal Measurement](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/spatiotemporal-measurement.md): Utilize spatiotemporal measurement functions in OcientGeo for comprehensive analysis of space-time data. - [Spatiotemporal Operators](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/geospatial-functions/spatiotemporal-operators.md): Discover spatiotemporal operators in OcientGeo to analyze data with both spatial and temporal dimensions. - [Classification Models](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/machine-learning-model-functions/classification-models.md): Use classification models in Ocient with OcientML to categorize data, aiding decision-making and pattern recognition. - [Clustering and Dimension Reduction Models](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/machine-learning-model-functions/clustering-and-dimension-reduction-models.md): Discover clustering and dimension reduction models in Ocient with OcientML for data grouping and simplification. - [Data Preparation](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/machine-learning-model-functions/data-preparation.md): Discover Ocient® SQL functions for time series data preparation. Use lag generators and vector assemblers to simplify feature engineering, reduce boilerplate code, and create inputs for regression, VAR, and neural network models. - [Other Models](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/machine-learning-model-functions/other-models.md): Explore various data models in Ocient with OcientML for diverse analysis requirements, from basic to complex. - [Regression Models](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/machine-learning-model-functions/regression-models.md): Apply regression models in Ocient with OcientML to predict outcomes based on data trends and relationships. - [Discover Insights From System Catalog Tables](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/system-catalog-reference/discover-insights-from-system-catalog-tables.md): This page describes various useful queries used on the system catalog tables to track important metrics such as storage use, node status, running queries, and segment sizes. - [Information Schema](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/system-catalog-reference/information-schema.md) - [System Catalog](https://ocient.ferndocs.com/guides/sql-reference/system-catalog-reference/system-catalog.md)